Social Democracy
Democratic Socialism & Left Populism

How Social Democracy actually answers

Most writing about Social Democracy describes what its thinkers argued. This page describes something different: what 132 people who landed on Social Democracy in our quiz said, question by question, compared with everyone else who took it.

Illustrated portrait of Eduard Bernstein
Eduard Bernstein

Reading these results

These are people the quiz placed in Social Democracy on the strength of these same answers, so the strongest agreements are partly built in.

The interesting figures are the ones further down: what this group is split on, and where it departs from the rest of the sample in ways the label alone would not predict. The comparison group is everyone who has taken the long quiz, which leans left of the general public.

Where they break from everyone else

The statements where this group is furthest from the rest of the sample.

Social DemocracyEveryone who took the quiz
Fully disagreeNeutralFully agree
  • Democratic planning must replace market allocation mechanisms entirely.

    abolish · Market Usage axis · 122 answered

    This group sits 51 points further towards disagreeing than the average quiz taker.

  • Parliamentary politics cannot defeat entrenched capitalist power.

    revolution · Reform vs Revolution axis · 126 answered

    This group sits 49 points further towards disagreeing than the average quiz taker.

  • Workplace assemblies should determine all production decisions.

    workplace · Decision Structure axis · 125 answered

    This group sits 48 points further towards disagreeing than the average quiz taker.

  • Redistributing wealth through taxes and public programs makes the economy stronger.

    Redistribution as Growth · Economic axis · 131 answered

    This group sits 44 points further towards agreeing than the average quiz taker.

  • Gradual reforms postpone necessary revolutionary structural breaks.

    rupture · Reform vs Revolution axis · 127 answered

    This group sits 44 points further towards disagreeing than the average quiz taker.

  • People should have the right to own weapons without heavy government regulation.

    Right to Bear Arms · Governance axis · 131 answered

    This group sits 43 points further towards disagreeing than the average quiz taker.

  • Direct democracy creates more authentic socialist governance.

    direct · Decision Structure axis · 125 answered

    This group sits 43 points further towards disagreeing than the average quiz taker.

  • Electoral victories can accomplish complete socialist transformation.

    elections · Reform vs Revolution axis · 127 answered

    This group sits 36 points further towards agreeing than the average quiz taker.

What they nearly all agree on

The statements that divide this group least.

Social DemocracyEveryone who took the quiz
Fully disagreeNeutralFully agree
  • Housing should be treated as a basic right, not mainly as an investment.

    Housing & Property · Economic axis · 132 answered

    99% of them agreed.

  • Redistributing wealth through taxes and public programs makes the economy stronger.

    Redistribution as Growth · Economic axis · 131 answered

    99% of them agreed.

  • Strong unions are essential to protect workers, even if they make businesses less efficient.

    Labor Unions · Economic axis · 101 answered

    98% of them agreed.

  • Schools should provide comprehensive sex education, including contraception and consent.

    Sex Education · Social axis · 104 answered

    96% of them agreed.

  • Economic power always turns into political power, so inequality threatens democracy.

    Wealth & Power · Economic axis · 132 answered

    95% of them agreed.

  • Governments should step in when technology eliminates large numbers of jobs.

    Automation & Jobs · Economic axis · 132 answered

    93% of them agreed.

  • Representative institutions better coordinate complex modern societies.

    representative · Decision Structure axis · 127 answered

    92% of them agreed.

  • The economy should move away from fossil fuels, even if this costs more in the short term.

    Climate Economics · Economic axis · 130 answered

    91% of them agreed.

What they argue about

Sharing a label does not mean sharing an answer. These are the statements that split Social Democracy closest to evenly.

Social DemocracyEveryone who took the quiz
Fully disagreeNeutralFully agree
  • Price systems necessarily generate socioeconomic inequality.

    prices · Market Usage axis · 125 answered

    45% agreed, 48% disagreed.

  • It’s better for governments to balance budgets than to borrow heavily for new programs.

    Government Debt · Economic axis · 128 answered

    43% agreed, 47% disagreed.

  • The country runs better when power is concentrated in a strong central authority.

    Centralization of Power · Governance axis · 129 answered

    50% agreed, 46% disagreed.

  • Maintaining a strong national culture is more important than embracing global cosmopolitanism.

    National Identity · Social axis · 130 answered

    43% agreed, 49% disagreed.

  • Even hateful or offensive speech should remain legal and free from government restriction.

    Free Speech · Governance axis · 131 answered

    45% agreed, 52% disagreed.

  • In times of crisis, leaders should be able to bypass normal checks and balances.

    Emergency Powers · Governance axis · 132 answered

    52% agreed, 43% disagreed.

  • Opening markets to global trade benefits society more than protecting local industries.

    Free Trade · Economic axis · 131 answered

    53% agreed, 43% disagreed.

  • Major policies should be decided directly by citizens through referendums.

    Direct Democracy · Governance axis · 131 answered

    38% agreed, 51% disagreed.

Their average position

Economic
Left46.8%

Averaged across 132 responses.

Governance
Libertarian4.6%

Averaged across 132 responses.

Social
Progressive26.4%

Averaged across 132 responses.

More on Social Democracy

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